Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University (St. Petersburg, Russia)

V. P. Zakharova, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Zakharova_vp@pers.spmi.ru
E. G. Zlotnikov, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Zlotnikov_EG@pers.spmi.ru
D. Yu. Ershov, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Ershov_DYu@pers.spmi.ru
A. A. Dzyuba, Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering¹, s210470@stud.spmi.ru

The present work is devoted to the study of cutting tool wear resistance and the assessment of surface quality parameters during the turning of high-manganese steel 110G13L (Hadfield steel). Experimental research was conducted under finishing machining conditions. Maximum allowable blunting criteria for the studied grades of hard metals have been established. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the tool life of indexable multi-faceted inserts made of various tool materials: hard metals of grades T30K4, T15K6, VK8, and TN20. The surface roughness parameters of the machined surface have been determined and analyzed. The obtained results provide practical recommendations for the selection of tool materials for the efficient machining of Hadfield steel components, aimed at increasing tool life and achieving the required surface quality.

1. Zakharova V. P., Zlotnikov E. G., Admakin M. A., Gilvitinov M. O. Assessment of the depth and degree of work hardening during rough turning of high-manganese steel. Chernye Metally. 2024. No. 9. pp. 72–76.
2. Wang Z., Yang Y., Chen C., Li Y., Yang Z., Lv B., Zhang F. Effect of Surface Impacting Parameters on Wear Resistance of High Manganese Steel. Coatings. 2023. Vol. 13. p. 539. DOI: 10.3390/coatings13030539
3. Nguyen H. H., Nguyen D. T., Pham M. K. et al. Strain hardening of Hadfield high manganese steels. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022. Vol. 66. pp. 2933–2937. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.06.561
4. Plashchinsky V. A., Beloglazov I. I., Akhmerov E. V. Analysis of the wear model for ball mill working parts during the ore grinding process. Gorny informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten. 2024. No. 7. pp. 91–110. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2024_7_0_91
5. Zhukov I. A., Golikov N. S., Martyushev N. V. Optimization of the scraper conveyor section design using an automated method for analyzing strength characteristics. Ustoychivoe razvitie gornykh territoriy. 2022. Vol. 14. No. 1 (51). pp. 142–150. DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-1-142-150
6. Akimova M. K., Chayka N. F. Investigation of the properties of explosion-hardened Hadfield steel using the spectral method. Interekspo Geo-Sibir. 2019. Vol. 6. No. 1. pp. 141–148. DOI: 10.33764/2618-981X-2019-6-1-141-148
7. Pyatykh A., Savilov A., Timofeev S. Investigation of Hadfield Steel Machinability in Milling Operations. Key Engineering Materials. 2022. Vol. 910. pp. 123–128. DOI: 10.4028/p-8p4ud2
8. Bolobov V. I., Akhmerov E. V., Rakitin I. V. Influence of rock type on the wear patterns of excavator bucket teeth crown. Gorny informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten. 2022. No. 6 (2). pp. 189–204. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_62_0_189
9. Mikhailov A. V., Shibanov D. A., Bessonov A. E., Bouguebrine C. Сomprehensive Assessment Production Efficiency of Electric Rope Shovel through Operator Qualification Criteria. International Journal of Engineering, Transactions A: Basics. 2024. Vol. 37. No. 7. pp. 1231–1238. DOI: 10.5829/ije.2024.37.07a.03
10. Rakunov Yu. P., Abramov V. V., Rakunov A. Yu. Machinability criteria for difficult-to-machine materials, and optimization of tooling and cutting parameters in precision group production. Stankoinstrument. 2021. No. 4(25). pp. 62–73. DOI: 10.22184/2499-9407.2021.25.4.62.72
11. Ekici E. Milling behavior of Hadfield steel with cryogenically treated tungsten carbide inserts. Materialpruefung / Materials Testing. 2015. Vol. 57. No. 11–12. pp. 968–976. DOI: 10.3139/120.110811
12. Bezyazychny V. F. Justification of the rationale for selecting cutting parameters while ensuring the required quality of the surface layer material of the part. Spravochnik. Inzhenerny zhurnal. 2021. No. 7 (292). pp. 3–17. DOI: 10.14489/hb.2021.07.pp.003-017
13. Mekheda V. A. Modeling of elasto-plastic deformation of near-surface material layers. Vestnik Samarskogo universiteta. Estestvennonauchnaya seriya. 2024. Vol. 30. No. 3. pp. 25–34. DOI: 10.18287/2541-7525-2024-30-3-25-34
14. Kabaldin Yu. G., Sablin P. A. Influence of workpiece material structure on surface layer formation and machined surface quality when cutting. Uchenye zapiski Komsomolskogo-na-Amure gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2024. No. 3(75). pp. 112–118.
15. Nekrasov R. Yu., Tempel O. A., Vaskov D. E. Determination of optimal cutting parameters for machining difficult-to-cut materials. Izvestiya Tulskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta.
Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2022. No. 4. pp. 484–489. DOI: 10.24412/2071-6168-2022-4-484-489

16. Zhusupov K., Kozbagarov R., Kaliev E., Makatova Zh., Kamzanov N. Investigation of wear and failure mechanisms of cemented-carbide tools with multicomponent nanostructured systems. Vestnik KazATK. 2023. No. 126(3). pp. 65–73. DOI: 10.52167/1609-1817-2023-126-3-65-73
17. Gvindzhiliya V. E., Fominov E. V., Moiseev D. V., Gamaleeva E. I. Influence of dynamic characteristics of the cutting process on workpiece surface roughness when turning. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty). 2024. Vol. 26. No. 2. pp. 143–157. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.2-143-157
18. Vologzhanina S. F., Ermakov B. S., Shvetsov O. V., Shaposhnikov N. O. Influence of metal structural heterogeneity in a sheet tube billet on forming mechanical properties and crack resistance of steel pipes for operation in the Arctic climate conditions. CIS Iron and Steel Review. 2024. Vol. 28. pp. 69–74.
19. Maksarov V. V., Nguyen V. D., Khalimonenko A. D., Shishkin P. V. Technological support of workpiece surface quality based on local cryogenic impact during processing of austenitic steels. Chernye Metally. 2024. No. 9. pp. 82–87.
20. Duskaraev N., Umirzakov D. U. u., Alijonova M. M. k. Cutting tool stability and cutting speed. Sovremennye innovatsii, sistemy i tekhnologii. 2022. Vol. 2. No. 2. pp. 409–416. DOI: 10.47813/2782-2818-2022-2-2-0409-0416
21. Akinshin R. N. Technological support of surface quality and cost reduction in the edge cutting machining of workpieces made of difficult-to-machine materials. Naukoemkie tekhnologii v mashinostroenii. 2014. No. 5 (35). pp. 9–13.
22. Zellagui R., Hemmouche L., Ait-Sadi H., Chelli A. Effect of Element Addition, Microstructure Characteristics, Mechanical Properties, Machining and Welding Processes of the Hadfield Austenitic Manganese Steel. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 2022. Vol. 67. No. 3. pp. 863–868. DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.139676
23. Ershov D. Yu., Shishkin P. V., Klochkov D. A., Kokritskii M. E. Impact vibration knurling of structural steel. Chernye Metally. 2024. No. 9. pp. 88–92.
24. Grigoryev V. V., Shelkovnikov V. Yu., Skripilev A. A., Maryin S. B. Tool for face turning of workpieces made of difficult-to-machine 12Kh18N10T steel. Uprochnyayushchie tekhnologii i pokrytiya. 2024. Vol. 20. No. 7 (235). pp. 291–294. DOI: 10.36652/1813-1336-2024-20-7-291-294
25. Admakin M. A., Admakina O. N., Timofeev D. Yu., Khalimonenko A. D. Deformation processes during high-speed milling of aluminum alloys. Tsvetnye Metally. 2025. No. 3. Vol. 1. pp. 75–80.
26. Efimov A. E., Uspenskaya V. D., Motrich A. A. Improving the quality of processing articles made of low-alloy ferrite-pearlite steels using concentrated laser emission. Chernye Metally. 2024. No. 9. pp. 77–81.
27. Maksarov V. V. , Efimova М. V. Methodology of automated magnetic abrasive machining of aircraft parts in the mining transportation complex. Russian Mining Industry. 2025. No. 1. pp. 62–67. DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2025-1S-62-67.
28. Leskov M. B., Kveglis L. I., Sakenova R. E., Masansky O. A. Formation of localized micro-regions in manganese steels under extreme loading conditions. Uspekhi prikladnoy fiziki. 2023. Vol. 11. No. 6. pp. 515–521. DOI: 10.51368/2307-4469-2023-11-6-515-521
29. Zaydes S. A., Nguyen H. H. Influence of toroidal tool kinematics on the stress-strain state of the surface layer of machine parts. Naukoemkie tekhnologii v mashinostroenii. 2022. No. 6 (132). pp. 12–21. DOI: 10.30987/2223-4608-2022-6-12-21
30. Trusov P. V., Ostanina T. V., Shveykin A. I. Evolution of the grain structure of metals and alloys during severe plastic deformation: Multilevel models. Vestnik Permskogo natsionalnogo issledovatelskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Mekhanika. 2022. No. 2. pp. 114–146. DOI: 10.15593/perm.mech/2022.2.11
31. Rakunov Yu. P., Abramov V. V., Rakunov A. Yu. Performance and efficiency of unified tooling and cutters with indexable inserts when machining difficult-to-machine materials. Progressivnye tekhnologii i sistemy mashinostroeniya. 2021. No. 4 (75). pp. 87–98.
32. Diniz A. E., Machado Á. R., Corrêa J. G. Tool wear mechanisms in the machining of steels and stainless steels. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2016. Vol. 87. pp. 3157–3168. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-016-8704-3
33. Shakhanov A. A., Vasiliev E. V., Shakhanov A. A., Zaichko G. A. Study of wear of cutting tools multifaceted inserts. Trudy universiteta. 2024. No. 4 (97). pp. 38–45. DOI: 10.52209/1609-1825_2024_4_38
34. Diniz A. E., Machado Á. R., Corrêa J. G. Tool wear mechanisms in the machining of steels and stainless steels. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2016. Vol. 87. pp. 3157–3168. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-016-8704-3
35. Liao Z., Monaca A., Murray J., Speidel A., Ushmaev D., Clare A., Axinte D., M’Saoubi R. Surface integrity in metal machining - Part I: Fundamentals of surface characteristics and formation mechanisms. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture. 2021. Vol. 162. p. 103687. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2020.103687