Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia

A. Yu. Konyaev, Professor of the Department of Electrical Engineering, Doctor of Technical Sciences, a.u.konyaev@urfu.ru
D. N. Bagin, Associate Professor of the Department of Electrical Engineering, Candidate of Technical Sciences
K. V. Kuznetsov, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Electrical Engineering, Postgraduate Student

The volume of solid waste in the form of waste electrical and electronic equipment is growing quite rapidly. The content of non-ferrous and precious metals in them is significant. This makes the development of technologies and equipment for the treatment of such waste relevant. The article discusses the possibilities of using electrodynamic separation units for processing electronic waste. Such separators can solve two technological problems: separation of non-ferrous metals from a stream of non-metals and separation of fractions of aluminum and copper alloys. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of separators when processing small fractions of waste (samples with a grain size of +4–10 mm are considered in the work), ensuring the required quality of selective metal concentrates. Two variants of the apparatus design have been evaluated: with a rotating inductor based on permanent magnets and based on linear inductors. It is shown that for solving the problem of separation of aluminum and copper alloys, an apparatus based on a two-sided linear inductor with material supply along an inclined plane has the best characteristics. It is noted that such separator has more possibilities for controlling the magnitude of electromagnetic forces acting on conducting particles and forming their trajectories. Examples of calculating particle trajectories are given, and the possibility ofevaluating separation selectivity using the selectivity coefficient is considered. The influence of the parameters of the linear inductor and the mechanical part of the unit on the values of the selectivity coefficient is analyzed. The ways of improving the separation selectivity are shown. Taking into account the research results, an experimental electrodynamic separator has been created and tested. Tests of the unit have confirmed the reliability of the theoretical conclusions.

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